UROLITHIASIS: TREATMENT AND PREVENTION

Urinary stone disease in children is a rare but serious disease that can cause pain and complications in young patients. At the National Medical Research Radiological Centre are used modern and minimally traumatic methods of stone removal to effectively solve the problem with minimal risks for the young patients.

“Treatment of urolithiasis in children depends on the size of stones, their density, chemical composition, anatomical features of the urinary system and concomitant diseases – says our expert, urologist of the Pediatric Uroandrology Department of the N. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology (SRIUIR) – the branch of the FSBI “National Medical Research Radiological Centre” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation Artur Vardak. – Based on the examination data, we choose an effective method of removal”.

Conservative treatment is used for small nodules (up to 4-5 mm). In this case, it is possible to remove the stones independently. To facilitate this process, special drugs are used to promote their dissolution and excretion.

If the size of the stone exceeds 6 mm, but not more than 15 mm in children of younger and middle groups and not more than 20 mm in adolescents, remote lithotripsy – a method of crushing stones with ultrasound is used. This is a gentle method of treatment that does not require punctures and incisions, after the procedure destroyed stone particles are removed naturally, the child quickly recovers and a few hours after anesthesia can actively move.

For large concrements (more than 2 cm) requires an invasive method of removal – percutaneous nephrolithotripsy.

“In our Center, we actively use this method of complete stone removal in 80-85% of cases in one session,” explains Artur Wardak.

How is the operation performed? In a small puncture in the lumbar region, a tube is inserted into the kidney, through which the stone is destroyed and extracted. After the operation, a urethral catheter is inserted for 1 day and a nephrostomy for 2-3 days, and after 3-4 days the child fully recovers.

Retrograde intrarenal surgery is a method in which the surgeon penetrates the kidney through the ureter and bladder and removes the stone. This method is used less frequently because it has more limitations. It is used for stones up to 2 cm with high density.

After removing the stone, it is important to prevent its reoccurrence. For this purpose, specialists of the urolithiasis department develop individualized prevention schemes.

The Center uses all modern methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of urolithiasis in children, which allow not only to rid the child of stones, but also to minimize the risk of their reappearance. You can make an appointment for consultation with the specialists of the N. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology (SRIUIR) by calling the contact center at 8 499 110-40-67.