Cancer treatment

In modern Russia, new methods of oncology treatment are being used to avoid severe consequences or lethal outcomes among patients. Not so long ago such a terrible diagnosis as cancer, irrevocably condemned to death, but even now cancer is treated, and for this purpose modern and effective methods of treatment are used.

The standard treatment for cancer that has reached a certain stage is surgical treatment. The method of surgical treatment of cancer is to remove the tumor site. Sometimes the cancer is removed together with the organ, if it allows to preserve the viability of the body, or with a part of the organ. The tumor may also be removed along with nearby lymph nodes to reduce the risk of the cancer spreading throughout the body. The doctor’s goal is to avoid metastasis and preserve the organ if possible.

Palliative surgical treatment of cancer consists precisely in removing the tumor partially. Such a method is actively used in the late stages of oncology, mainly to achieve a reduction in pain syndrome or a better impact of chemotherapy or radiation exposure.

Modern medicine allows surgical interventions by minimally invasive methods. Laparoscopic surgeries are performed through small punctures, which reduces the period of rehabilitation. But the choice of the method of surgery depends entirely on the location of oncology, its size and stage of development.

Chemotherapy is a stand-alone treatment for oncology or is part of a comprehensive cancer treatment together with radiation therapy and surgical treatment.

Chemotherapy is administered in several ways: drug treatment in the form of pills, intravenous infusions and injections. Taking drugs during chemotherapy can reduce the division of cancer cells or completely destroy them. In some cases, chemotherapy is used to alleviate the physical condition of the patient, namely to reduce pain and other symptoms of the disease. There are also such methods of using chemotherapy, which are divided into neoadjuvant, used before subsequent treatment, and adjuvant, which are used after surgical treatment. Chemotherapy today is a symbiosis of high efficacy of drugs and low traumatization for healthy tissues.  National Medical Research Radiological Centre is a pioneer in the application of many unique methods of cancer treatment. Powerful scientific base in the field of oncology and high qualification of doctors allow to widely use modern types of chemotherapy.

Radiation therapy is an innovative method of oncology treatment that uses ionizing radiation to destroy the multiplication of cancer cells in the body and reduce the symptoms of the disease.

Radiation therapy, or radiotherapy, is the most common method of cancer treatment that preserves the affected areas of the body and achieves a complete cure.

Radiation treatment uses radioactive isotopes, gamma rays and X-rays that destroy cancer cells and are free to leave the body naturally.

There are several ways of radiation treatment:

Remote method – the laser is applied at a distance using a directed beam of radiation on the affected area. This procedure has no sensitivity, but the effect of the therapy lasts for a long time after exposure. Cancer cells are destroyed slowly but effectively.

Contact method (brachytherapy) – the effect occurs with the introduction of drugs inside the body, namely through the mouth or blood vessels. A distinctive feature is the period of exposure to radiation. In the contact method, the drug is effective for a limited period of time.

Systemic method – the effect occurs with the introduction of special devices inside the organ or the affected area of the tissue. It is also possible to place the radiation source on the surface of the skin.

There is also a subspecies of radiation exposure: proton treatment of oncology. This method has become a breakthrough in the treatment of malignant diseases, bringing positive results. It is performed with the help of special rays – protons, which affect exclusively malignant cells.

Photodynamic therapy is a modern development in the methodology of oncology treatment. The procedure is carried out by intravenous injection of a special substance, followed by its retention for several days. The photodynamic drug increases the sensitivity to light in cancer cells, which will subsequently be destroyed by endoscopic procedures.

Hormone therapy is a part of the anti-tumor treatment system. The method of hormone therapy is to reduce growth hormones that contribute to tumor enlargement. This method of treatment is also applicable in case of metastasis, as there is an active inhibition of the spread of oncology in the body.